English grammar explained using clear and simple explanations.
We use the Zero Conditional to talk about something which happens in general. If, or when, something happens something else always happens. It can be used to talk about routines and facts. If I can’t sleep, I read my book. If you heat water, it becomes steam. Look at the construction: If subject present simple subject present simple If I have a headache I take an […]
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There are 3 rules regarding the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives: 1. For short adjectives (adjectives with 1 syllable) we add -er in the comparative form and -est in the superlative form: Short adjective Comparative Superlative small tall cheap long smaller than taller than cheaper than longer than the smallest the tallest the cheapest the longest Examples: Comparatives France is smaller than Argentina. Cheese is cheaper than caviar. The Tower of London is older than the […]
Read moreLook at these sentences: I have my car repaired once a year. They have their house decorated every three years. When somebody does something for us we use the causative. Look at the construction: Present simple Positive Subject to have something past participle I have my hair cut every 2 months. Negative Subject to have something past participle I don’t have my hair cut every […]
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When we ask for permission to do something we use can, could, may. May is the most formal. Examples Can I go to the party? Could I ask a question? May I sit here? If we want to be more polite we can use the following construction: Do you mind if I base form of verb Do you mind if I open the window? Do […]
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Can is a modal verb and so always has the same form: I can You can We can You can He can She can It can They can After can we use the base form of the verb. Examples: I can swim. She can speak Spanish. The negative form of can is can’t. We use can to talk about ability and permission. Ability They can drive. She can’t use a computer. Permission He can’t go to […]
Read moreBeen is the past participle of the verb to go when the trip has finished: They have been to Brazil. This means that they went to Brazil some time in the past and they have finished their time there. Gone is the past participle of the verb to go when the trip hasn’t finished yet. John’s gone to work. This means that John is still at work. Look at the […]
Read moreWhen we make a question we almost always have to use an auxiliary verb. Look at the construction we use when we make a question: Question word Auxiliary Subject Verb Where do you live? What time does he start work ? Did they go on holiday last summer? Where would you like to go? Can she swim? What are you […]
Read moreWhen we want to say something positive and something negative in the same sentence, we can use one of the following forms: Although and even though have exactly the same meaning and have exactly the same grammatical construction. although/ even though subject verb subject + verb Although I am poor, I am happy. Although they played well, they lost. Even though she […]
Read moreAgreeing Look at these sentences: I like music. So do I. I live in California. So do I. This is the same as saying “Me, too“ but in British English especially this form is more common. Because the first sentence is in the present simple, the auxiliary verb is do: So Auxiliary verb Subject So do I Look at this sentence: I worked yesterday. So did I. The verb is in […]
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When we want to say how often something is done, we can use an adverb of frequency. The adverb generally goes directly before the main verb and after the auxilary verb. Examples: I never go to the beach. They usually have dinner at 5pm. He hardly ever drinks coffee. They can always go out on Saturdays. If we want to specify how often something is done we use this […]
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